Effectiveness and safety in nursing practice in the placement of percutaneous catheters in neonates: a systematic review

Abstract

Placement of percutaneous catheters in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is essential to provide safe and prolonged venous access in newborns, especially those born prematurely or with complex medical conditions. This procedure, performed by highly trained nurses, minimizes morbidity and stress by reducing the need for multiple venipunctures. However, there are significant risks, such as infections and thrombosis, exacerbated by the lack of uniform protocols and specific training. In this research, 19 articles were analyzed about percutaneous catheter placement procedures to reduce complications and improve clinical outcomes in neonates. It is concluded that the integration of nursing theories, continuous training, the use of ultrasound to guide insertion and the development of clear protocols are essential to optimize the management of these devices. In addition, education and teamwork of health personnel is important to ensure a comprehensive approach to neonatal care that includes advanced technical knowledge, precise practical skills and a deep understanding of neonatal anatomy.